Glucose 30% (as glucose monohydrate)

Glucose (as glucose monohydrate) 30% (w/v)

Solution for infusion

A Clear, colourless solution, maybe not more than faintly yellow, no strange particles, packed in a colourless plastic bottle, sealed with plastic cap with two rubber discs inside.

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Carbohydrate solutions for parenteral nutrition, carbohydrates

ATC code: B05BA03

INDICATION

Glucose 30% indicated as a source of calories for patients requiring parenteral nutrition when oral or enteral nutrition is not possible, insufficient, or contraindicated.

CONTRAINDICATION

The use of Glucose Intravenous Infusion 30% is contraindicated in patients:

Who are severely dehydrated as hypertonic glucose solution can worsen the patient’s hyperosmolar state.
With known hypersensitivity to Glucose (see section Special Warnings and Precautions for use).

PHARMACODYNAMIC PROPERTIES

Mechanism of action

Glucose is metabolized ubiquitously as the natural substrate of the cells of the body. Under physiological conditions glucose is the most important energy supplying carbohydrate with a caloric value of approx. 17 kJ/g or 4 kcal/g. Neural tissue, erythrocytes and the medulla of the kidneys are amongst the tissues with an obligate requirement for glucose.

Pharmacodynamic effects

Glucose serves to maintain the blood glucose level and for the synthesis of important body components. It serves for the synthesis of glycogen, the storage form of carbohydrates. Primarily insulin, glucagon, gluco-corticosteroids and catecholamines are involved in the regulation of the blood glucose concentration.

PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES

Absorption

Bioavailability: Since the solution is administered intravenously, its bioavailability is 100%.

Distribution

On infusion glucose is first distributed in the intravascular space and is then taken up into the intracellular space. In adults, the concentration of glucose in the blood is 60 – 100 mg/100 mL, or 3.3 - 5.6 mmol/L (fasting).

Biotransformation

In glycolysis, glucose is metabolized to pyruvate. Under aerobic conditions pyruvate is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. In case of hypoxia pyruvate is converted to lactate. Lactate can be partially re-introduced into the glucose metabolism (Cori cycle).

Elimination

The final products of the complete oxidation of glucose are eliminated via the lungs (carbon dioxide) and the kidneys (water).

STORAGE, SHELF LIFE, PACKING UNITS

Storage: In a cool and dry place at temperatures not exceeding 30oC, protect from light.

Shelf life: 3 years from manufacturing date.

Packing units:

12 plastic bottles of 500 mL per carton

24 plastic bottles of 250 mL per carton

Glucose 30% (as glucose monohydrate)